{"id":40443984,"date":"2021-09-29T09:29:13","date_gmt":"2021-09-29T07:29:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.agrestic.eu\/en\/confronto-n2o\/"},"modified":"2023-10-17T16:37:56","modified_gmt":"2023-10-17T14:37:56","slug":"confronto-n2o","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.agrestic.eu\/en\/confronto-n2o\/","title":{"rendered":"Confronto N2O"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"td_uid_1_6a0c2c3356433\" class=\"tdc-row stretch_row\"><div class=\"vc_row vc_custom_1630489822271 td_uid_1_6a0c2c3356439_rand  wpb_row td-pb-row tdc-element-style\" >\n<style scoped>\n\n\/* tdc_composer_block - inline css att *\/\n.vc_custom_1630489822271{margin-bottom: 50px !important;}\n\/* custom css *\/\n.td_uid_1_6a0c2c3356439_rand {\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }\r\n\r\n                \r\n                @media (min-width: 768px) {\r\n\t                .td_uid_1_6a0c2c3356439_rand .td-element-style-before {\r\n\t                    background-attachment: fixed;\r\n\t                }\r\n\t                .tdc-row[class*='stretch_row'] > .td_uid_1_6a0c2c3356439_rand.td-pb-row > .td-element-style {\r\n\t                    left: calc((-100vw + 100%)\/2) !important;\r\n\t                    transform: none !important;\r\n\t                }\r\n                }\n\/* inline tdc_css att *\/\n\n.td_uid_1_6a0c2c3356439_rand{\nmargin-top:-48px !important;\npadding-top:80px !important;\nposition:relative;\n}\n\n.td_uid_1_6a0c2c3356439_rand .td_block_wrap{ text-align:left }\n\n<\/style>\n<div class=\"td_uid_1_6a0c2c3356433_rand_style td-element-style\" ><div class=\"td-element-style-before\"><style>\n.td_uid_1_6a0c2c3356433_rand_style > .td-element-style-before {\ncontent:'' !important;\nwidth:100% !important;\nheight:100% !important;\nposition:absolute !important;\ntop:0 !important;\nleft:0 !important;\ndisplay:block !important;\nz-index:0 !important;\nbackground-image:url(\"https:\/\/static.tecnichenuove.it\/agrestic\/2019\/05\/sfondo-campi.jpg\") !important;\nbackground-size:cover !important;\nbackground-position:center top !important;\n}\n<\/style><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column td_uid_2_6a0c2c335662d_rand  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\n\/* custom css *\/\n.td_uid_2_6a0c2c335662d_rand {\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper wpb_text_column td_block_wrap td_block_wrap vc_column_text td_uid_3_6a0c2c33566cd_rand  td-pb-border-top td_block_template_18\"  data-td-block-uid=\"td_uid_3_6a0c2c33566cd\" \"><div class=\"td-block-title-wrap\"><\/div><div class=\"td-fix-index\"><div class=\"tdm_block td_block_wrap tdm_block_column_title td_uid_4_6a0c2c3357485_rand tdm-content-horiz-left td-pb-border-top td_block_template_18\"  data-td-block-uid=\"td_uid_4_6a0c2c3357485\" ><div class=\"td-block-row\"><div class=\"td-block-span12 tdm-col\">\n<style>\nbody .td_uid_5_6a0c2c3357791 .tdm-title {\r\n\t\t\t\t\tcolor: #ffffff;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t.td_uid_5_6a0c2c3357791 .tdm-title {\r\n\t\t\t\t\tfont-size:34px !important;line-height:1.2 !important;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\/* phone *\/\n@media (max-width: 767px){\n.td_uid_5_6a0c2c3357791 .tdm-title {\r\n\t\t\t\t\tfont-size:28px !important;line-height:1.2 !important;\r\n\t\t\t\t}\n}\n<\/style><div class=\"tds-title tds-title1 td-fix-index td_uid_5_6a0c2c3357791\"><h1 class=\"tdm-title tdm-title-md\">Comparison of nitrous oxide soil emissions measured on the two different demonstration sites<\/h1><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"td_uid_3_6a0c2c3357d9a\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row td_uid_6_6a0c2c3357d9c_rand  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\n\/* custom css *\/\n.td_uid_6_6a0c2c3357d9c_rand {\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column td_uid_7_6a0c2c3357e64_rand  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span12\">\n<style scoped>\n\n\/* custom css *\/\n.td_uid_7_6a0c2c3357e64_rand {\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">[vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;N<sub>2<\/sub>O measured from soil&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;]<div class=\"wpb_wrapper wpb_text_column td_block_wrap td_block_wrap vc_column_text td_uid_8_6a0c2c3357f07_rand  td-pb-border-top td_block_template_18\"  data-td-block-uid=\"td_uid_8_6a0c2c3357f07\" \"><div class=\"td-block-title-wrap\"><\/div><div class=\"td-fix-index\"><p>Values for GHG emissions in the two croppig systems are updated after the harvest of each crop, or at the end of the bare soil. Periods considered in the measurements are reported under the graphs.<\/p>\n<p>Data are under validation, so the shown results aren\u2019t definitive<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"td_uid_5_6a0c2c33586b2\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row vc_custom_1630489940432 td_uid_9_6a0c2c33586b4_rand  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\n\/* tdc_composer_block - inline css att *\/\n.vc_custom_1630489940432{margin-bottom: 50px !important;}\n\/* custom css *\/\n.td_uid_9_6a0c2c33586b4_rand {\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column td_uid_10_6a0c2c335879d_rand  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\n\/* custom css *\/\n.td_uid_10_6a0c2c335879d_rand {\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">[vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Ravenna CCS &#8211; Conventional Cropping System `{`N<sub>2<\/sub>O`}`&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|text_align:center&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;]<div id=\"mpc_interactive_image-436a0c2c3361407\" class=\"mpc-interactive_image mpc-init \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/static.tecnichenuove.it\/agrestic\/2023\/10\/ravenna-n2o-ccs-cfr.jpg\" width=\"1450\" height=\"1200\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"mpc-interactive_image__image\" \/><div class=\"mpc-interactive_image-wrap\"><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-3896a0c2c336151b\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"52.811\",\"97.736\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-76a0c2c336153b\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Bare soil<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 11\/12\/2019\n<br><b>End<\/b>:  01\/04\/2019\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 112 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 2.58 \u00b1 0.18 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.02 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup><div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-7346a0c2c3361590\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"58.875\",\"91.212\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-316a0c2c33615a2\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Maize<\/h4>\n<b>Sowing<\/b>: 02\/04\/2020\n<br><b>Harvest<\/b>: 10\/09\/2020 \n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 161 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 112.5 \u00b1 10.42 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.70 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Yield<\/b>: 8.8 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> s.s.\n<br><b>Total biomass<\/b>: 21.6 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> s.s.\n<br><b>Fertilisation<\/b>: 196.6  kg ha<sup>-1<\/sup>   N\n<br><b>Irrigation<\/b>: 75 mm\n<br><b>Treatments<\/b>: 2 insetticides, 2 herbicides\n<br><b>Crop residues<\/b>: chopped<div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-596a0c2c33615c8\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"50.165\",\"83.356\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-966a0c2c33615d5\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Bare soil<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 11\/09\/2020\n<br><b>End<\/b>:  19\/10\/2020\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 38 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 29.75 \u00b1 1.45 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.88 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup><div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-7836a0c2c33615f5\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"60.529\",\"64.314\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-136a0c2c3361600\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Durum wheat<\/h4>\n<b>Sowing<\/b>: 20\/10\/2020\n<br><b>Harvest<\/b>: 24\/06\/2021 \n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 247 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 279.09 \u00b1 167.71 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 1.13 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Yield<\/b>: 6.8 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> s.s.\n<br><b>Total biomass<\/b>: 16.2  t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> s.s.\n<br><b>Fertilisation<\/b>: 180.4 kg ha<sup>-1<\/sup>   N\n<br><b>Treatments<\/b>: 1 fungicide, 1 herbicied\n<br><b>Crop residues<\/b>: removed<div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-1296a0c2c3361614\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"51.158\",\"44.571\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-816a0c2c3361622\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Bare soil<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 25\/06\/2021\n<br><b>End<\/b>: 16\/05\/2022\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 325 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 112.46 \u00b1 39.96 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.35 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup><div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-8816a0c2c3361637\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"59.757\",\"32.224\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-706a0c2c3361642\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Tomato<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 17\/05\/2022\n<br><b>End<\/b>: 27\/08\/2022\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 102 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 77.77 \u00b1 22.95 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.80 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Yield<\/b>: 6.3 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> d.m.\n<br><b>Total biomass<\/b>: 12.9 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> d.m.\n<br><b>Fertilisation<\/b>: 140.1 kg ha<sup>-1<\/sup> N, 100.2 kg ha<sup>-1<\/sup> P<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>5<\/sub>, 137.8 kg ha<sup>-1<\/sup> K<sub>2<\/sub>O\n<br><b>Irrigation<\/b>: 389 mm\n<br><b>Treatments<\/b>: 1 insecticide, 3 herbicide, 10 fungicide \n<br><b>Residui<\/b>: buried<div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-4296a0c2c3361653\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"47.519\",\"27.031\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-646a0c2c336165c\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Bare soil<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 28\/08\/2022\n<br><b>End<\/b>: 24\/10\/2022\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 57 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 22.70 \u00b1 4.36 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 1.34 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup><div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-5986a0c2c336166d\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"63.837\",\"19.174\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-26a0c2c336167f\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Durum wheat<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 25\/10\/2022\n<br><b>End<\/b>: 26\/06\/2023\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 244 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 115.41 \u00b1 13.0 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.61 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Yield<\/b>: 4.35 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> d.m.\n<br><b>Fertilisation<\/b>: 115.5 kg ha<sup>-1<\/sup> N\n<br><b>Treatments<\/b>: 1 fungicide, 1 insetticide, 1 herbicide\n<br><b>Residui<\/b>: removed<div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_wrapper wpb_text_column td_block_wrap td_block_wrap vc_column_text td_uid_11_6a0c2c33616e6_rand  td-pb-border-top td_block_template_18\"  data-td-block-uid=\"td_uid_11_6a0c2c33616e6\" \"><div class=\"td-block-title-wrap\"><\/div><div class=\"td-fix-index\"><p>From 11\/12\/2019 to 26\/06\/20232 the N<sub>2<\/sub>O cumulated flux measured in the CCS cropping system in Ravenna is 751.31 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column td_uid_12_6a0c2c3361ef9_rand  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\n\/* custom css *\/\n.td_uid_12_6a0c2c3361ef9_rand {\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">[vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Ravenna ECS \u2013 Efficient Cropping System `{`N<sub>2<\/sub>O`}`&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|text_align:center&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;]<div id=\"mpc_interactive_image-186a0c2c33628d2\" class=\"mpc-interactive_image mpc-init \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/static.tecnichenuove.it\/agrestic\/2023\/10\/ravenna-n2o-ecs-cfr.jpg\" width=\"1450\" height=\"1200\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"mpc-interactive_image__image\" \/><div class=\"mpc-interactive_image-wrap\"><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-6346a0c2c3362931\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"48.622\",\"97.870\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-366a0c2c3362950\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Pea<\/h4>\n<b>Sowing<\/b>: 11\/12\/2019\n<br><b>Harvest<\/b>:19\/06\/2020\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 191 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 2.74 \u00b1 0.20 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.01 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Yield<\/b>: 4.0 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> s.s.\n<br><b>Total biomass<\/b>: 8.3 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> s.s.\n<br><b>Irrigation<\/b>: 25 mm\n<br><b>Treatments<\/b>: 1 herbicide\n<br><b>Crop residues<\/b>: chopped<div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-6586a0c2c336297f\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"60.860\",\"91.611\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-1006a0c2c3362a57\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Bare soil<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 20\/06\/2020\n<br><b>End<\/b>:  19\/10\/2020\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 121 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 119.23 \u00b1 6.95 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.98 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup><div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-4226a0c2c3362a83\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"48.953\",\"79.494\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-166a0c2c3362a91\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Durum wheat<\/h4>\n<b>Sowing<\/b>: 20\/10\/2020\n<br><b>Harvest<\/b>: 24\/06\/2021\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 247 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 84.13 \u00b1 9.37 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.34 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Yield<\/b>: 7.4 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> s.s.\n<br><b>Total biomass<\/b>: 16.4  t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> s.s.\n<br><b>Fertilisation<\/b>: 130.0  kg ha<sup>-1<\/sup>   N\n<br><b>Irrigation<\/b>: 75 mm\n<br><b>Treatments<\/b>: 1 fungicide\n<br><b>Crop residues<\/b>: removed<div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-906a0c2c3362aaa\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"59.868\",\"72.570\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-26a0c2c3362ab5\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Alfalfa<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 25\/06\/2021\n<br><b>End<\/b>: 05\/10\/2021\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 102 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 37.79 \u00b1 11.99 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.38 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Total biomass<\/b>: 0.4 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> s.s.<div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-5446a0c2c3362acd\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"49.835\",\"67.510\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-626a0c2c3362ad9\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Bare soil<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 06\/10\/2021\n<br><b>End<\/b>: 16\/05\/2022\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 222 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 53.32 \u00b1 21.42 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.24 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup><div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-7676a0c2c3362af7\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"56.560\",\"62.051\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-976a0c2c3362b05\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Tomato<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 17\/05\/2022\n<br><b>End<\/b>: 27\/08\/2022\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 102 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 39.43 \u00b1 7.26 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.41 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Yield<\/b>: 5.7 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> d.m.\n<br><b>Total biomass<\/b>: 11.2 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> d.m.\n<br><b>Fertilisation<\/b>: 109.3 kg ha<sup>-1<\/sup> N, 101.8 kg ha<sup>-1<\/sup> P<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>5<\/sub>, 135.6 kg ha<sup>-1<\/sup> K<sub>2<\/sub>O\n<br><b>Irrigation<\/b>: 311 mm\n<br><b>Treatments<\/b>: 1 insecticide, 3 herbicide, 9 fungicide\n<br><b>Residui<\/b>: buried\n<div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-5106a0c2c3362b1f\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"44.983\",\"59.387\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-876a0c2c3362b58\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Bare soil<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 28\/08\/2022\n<br><b>End<\/b>: 24\/10\/2022\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 57 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 8.54 \u00b1 1.47 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.50 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup><div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-4766a0c2c3362bb0\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"66.373\",\"52.463\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-676a0c2c3362bbf\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Durum wheat<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 25\/10\/2022\n<br><b>End<\/b>: 26\/06\/2023\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 244 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 118.71 \u00b1 5.28 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.63 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Yield<\/b>: 4.35 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> d.m.\n<br><b>Fertilisation<\/b>: 156 kg ha<sup>-1<\/sup> N\n<br><b>Treatments<\/b>: 1 fungicide, 1 herbicide\n<br><b>Residui<\/b>: removed<div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_wrapper wpb_text_column td_block_wrap td_block_wrap vc_column_text td_uid_13_6a0c2c3362c18_rand  td-pb-border-top td_block_template_18\"  data-td-block-uid=\"td_uid_13_6a0c2c3362c18\" \"><div class=\"td-block-title-wrap\"><\/div><div class=\"td-fix-index\"><p>From 11\/12\/2019 to 26\/06\/2023 the\u00a0N<sub>2<\/sub>O cumulated flux measured in the ECS cropping system in Ravenna is 463.89 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"td_uid_8_6a0c2c3363572\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row vc_custom_1630489940432 td_uid_14_6a0c2c3363576_rand  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\n\/* tdc_composer_block - inline css att *\/\n.vc_custom_1630489940432{margin-bottom: 50px !important;}\n\/* custom css *\/\n.td_uid_14_6a0c2c3363576_rand {\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column td_uid_15_6a0c2c3363669_rand  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\n\/* custom css *\/\n.td_uid_15_6a0c2c3363669_rand {\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">[vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Foggia CCS &#8211; Conventional Cropping System `{`N<sub>2<\/sub>O`}`&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|text_align:center&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;]<div id=\"mpc_interactive_image-226a0c2c3363c35\" class=\"mpc-interactive_image mpc-init \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/static.tecnichenuove.it\/agrestic\/2023\/10\/foggia-n2o-ccs-cfr.jpg\" width=\"1450\" height=\"1200\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"mpc-interactive_image__image\" \/><div class=\"mpc-interactive_image-wrap\"><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-7076a0c2c3363cb3\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"45.645\",\"91.478\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-196a0c2c3363cc8\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Bare soil<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 28\/11\/2019\n<br><b>End<\/b>:  30\/04\/2020\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 154 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 21.24 \u00b1 0.97 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.14 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup><div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-5366a0c2c3363cfc\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"62.955\",\"87.750\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-276a0c2c3363d0d\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Sunflower<\/h4>\n<b>Sowing<\/b>: 30\/04\/2020\n<br><b>Harvest<\/b>: 17\/09\/2020 \n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 140 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 43.91 \u00b1 2.36 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.31 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Yield<\/b>: 0.4 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> s.s.\n<br><b>Total biomass<\/b>: 0.6 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> s.s.\n<br><b>Fertilisation<\/b>: 56  kg ha<sup>-1<\/sup>   N\n<br><b>Irrigation<\/b>: 30 mm\n<br><b>Crop residues<\/b>: chopped<div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-5406a0c2c3363d2c\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"53.914\",\"84.288\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-106a0c2c3363d39\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Bare soil<\/h4><b>Inizio<\/b>: 18\/09\/2020\n<br><b>Start<\/b>:  30\/11\/2020\n<br><b>End<\/b>: 73 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 11.42 \u00b1 0.74 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.18 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup><div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-126a0c2c3363d59\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"63.286\",\"81.758\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-996a0c2c3363d67\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Durum wheat<\/h4>\n<b>Sowing<\/b>: 01\/12\/2020\n<br><b>Harvest<\/b>: 24\/06\/2021 \n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 205 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 30.81 \u00b1 1.65 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.17 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Yield<\/b>: 2.9 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> s.s.\n<br><b>Total biomass<\/b>: 10.7 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> s.s.\n<br><b>Fertilisation<\/b>: 222  kg ha<sup>-1<\/sup>   N + 30 kg ha<sup>-1<\/sup>  P2O5\n<br><b>Treatements<\/b>: 2 fungicide\n<br><b>Crop residues<\/b>: removed<div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-56a0c2c3363d80\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"48.732\",\"78.562\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-466a0c2c3363d92\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Bare soil<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 25\/06\/2021\n<br><b>End<\/b>: 21\/12\/2021\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 179 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 25.33 \u00b1 4.16 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.15 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup><div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-4696a0c2c3363dac\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"64.498\",\"74.834\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-806a0c2c3363dba\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Barley<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 22\/12\/2021\n<br><b>End<\/b>: 30\/06\/2022\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 190 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 36.75 \u00b1 5.30 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.25 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Yield<\/b>: 5.84 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> d.m.\n<br><b>Total biomass<\/b>: 12.74 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> d.m. \n<br><b>Fertilisation<\/b>: 109 kg ha<sup>-1<\/sup>   N + 40 kg ha<sup>-1<\/sup>  P<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>5<\/sub>\n<br><b>Treatments<\/b>: 1 fungicide\n<br><b>Crop residues<\/b>: removed<div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-2396a0c2c3363ded\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"51.819\",\"72.304\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-846a0c2c3363df9\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Bare soil<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 01\/07\/2022\n<br><b>End<\/b>: 31\/10\/2022\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 122 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 6.27 \u00b1 0.28 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.13 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup><div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_wrapper wpb_text_column td_block_wrap td_block_wrap vc_column_text td_uid_16_6a0c2c3363e52_rand  td-pb-border-top td_block_template_18\"  data-td-block-uid=\"td_uid_16_6a0c2c3363e52\" \"><div class=\"td-block-title-wrap\"><\/div><div class=\"td-fix-index\"><p>From 11\/12\/2019 to 31\/10\/2022 the\u00a0N<sub>2<\/sub>O cumulated flux measured in the CCS cropping system in Foggia is 175.91 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column td_uid_17_6a0c2c336472e_rand  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span6\">\n<style scoped>\n\n\/* custom css *\/\n.td_uid_17_6a0c2c336472e_rand {\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">[vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Foggia ECS \u2013 Efficient Cropping System `{`N<sub>2<\/sub>O`}`&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|text_align:center&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;]<div id=\"mpc_interactive_image-686a0c2c3364a42\" class=\"mpc-interactive_image mpc-init \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/static.tecnichenuove.it\/agrestic\/2023\/10\/foggia-n2o-ecs-cfr.jpg\" width=\"1450\" height=\"1200\" alt=\"Image\" class=\"mpc-interactive_image__image\" \/><div class=\"mpc-interactive_image-wrap\"><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-7396a0c2c3364abe\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"46.417\",\"91.611\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-356a0c2c3364ad1\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Bare soil<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 28\/11\/2019\n<br><b>End<\/b>:  17\/02\/2020\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 81 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 15.82 \u00b1 3.23 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.20 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup><div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-1436a0c2c3364b04\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"58.655\",\"89.880\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-706a0c2c3364b11\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Lentil<\/h4>\n<b>Sowing<\/b>: 18\/02\/2020\n<br><b>Harvest<\/b>: 29\/06\/2020 \n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 132 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 18.02 \u00b1 1.11 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.14 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Yield<\/b>: 0.2 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> s.s.\n<br><b>Total biomass<\/b>: 0.5 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> s.s.\n<br><b>Irrigation<\/b>: 30 mm\n<br><b>Treatements<\/b>: 2 herbicides\n<br><b>Crop residues<\/b>: on superface<div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-7846a0c2c3364b36\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"67.916\",\"87.084\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-556a0c2c3364b43\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Crop residues<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 30\/06\/2020\n<br><b>End<\/b>:  21\/09\/2020\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 83 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 25.56 \u00b1 1.22 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.30 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup><div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-6696a0c2c3364b61\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"51.047\",\"84.953\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-466a0c2c3364b6d\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Bare soil<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 22\/09\/2020\n<br><b>End<\/b>:  30\/11\/2020\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 69 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 9.33 \u00b1 0.74 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.16 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup><div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-4146a0c2c3364b84\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"44.542\",\"82.956\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-166a0c2c3364b8f\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Durum wheat<\/h4>\n<b>Sowing<\/b>: 01\/12\/2020\n<br><b>Harvest<\/b>: 24\/06\/2021 \n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 205 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 26.31 \u00b1 4.32 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.14 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Yield<\/b>: 4.3 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> s.s.\n<br><b>Total biomass<\/b>: 9.8 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> s.s.\n<br><b>Fertilisation<\/b>: 98 kg ha<sup>-1<\/sup>   N + 35 kg ha<sup>-1<\/sup>  P2O5\n<br><b>Treatements<\/b>: 1 fungicide\n<br><b>Crop residues<\/b>: removed<div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-6396a0c2c3364ba1\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"61.411\",\"80.692\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-306a0c2c3364baa\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Bare soil<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 25\/06\/2021\n<br><b>End<\/b>: 03\/10\/2021\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 100 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 13.25 \u00b1 1.40 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.15 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup><div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-7736a0c2c3364bbc\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"54.906\",\"79.095\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-976a0c2c3364bc6\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Mustard<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 04\/10\/2021\n<br><b>End<\/b>: 16\/01\/2022\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 104 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 14.32 \u00b1 2.49 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.14 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Total biomass<\/b>: 3.77 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> d.m.\n<br>Crop was incorporated in soil<div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-546a0c2c3364bd7\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"47.189\",\"77.497\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-426a0c2c3364bdf\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Bare soil<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 17\/01\/2022\n<br><b>End<\/b>: 20\/04\/2022\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 93 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 15.02 \u00b1 1.16 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.17 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup><div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"mpc_hotspot-5636a0c2c3364bf1\" class=\"mpc-hotspot mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-tooltip-wrap \"  data-position='[\"65.160\",\"74.967\"]'><i class=\"mpc-hotspot__icon mpc-transition  fa fa-plus-circle mpc-init mpc-icon-type--icon mpc-tooltip-target\"><\/i><div id=\"mpc_tooltip-166a0c2c3364bfb\" class=\"mpc-tooltip mpc-init mpc-position--top mpc-can-hover mpc-wide mpc-trigger--hover \"><h4>Sunflower<\/h4>\n<b>Start<\/b>: 21\/04\/2022\n<br><b>End<\/b>: 22\/09\/2022\n<br><b>Duration<\/b>: 154 days\n<br><b>Cumulated flux<\/b>: 24.98 \u00b1 2.68 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Average daily flux<\/b>: 0.31 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup>\n<br><b>Yield<\/b>: 1.7 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> d.m.\n<br><b>Total biomass<\/b>: 42.4 t ha<sup>-1<\/sup> d.m.\n<br><b>Fertilisation<\/b>: 33.5 kg ha<sup>-1<\/sup> N \n<br><b>Treatments<\/b>: 2 herbicide\n<br><b>Residues<\/b>: buried<div class=\"mpc-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_wrapper wpb_text_column td_block_wrap td_block_wrap vc_column_text td_uid_18_6a0c2c3364c31_rand  td-pb-border-top td_block_template_18\"  data-td-block-uid=\"td_uid_18_6a0c2c3364c31\" \"><div class=\"td-block-title-wrap\"><\/div><div class=\"td-fix-index\"><p>From 28\/11\/2019 to 22\/09\/2022 the N<sub>2<\/sub>O cumulated flux measured in the ECS cropping system in Foggia is 163.01 mg N<sub>2<\/sub>O m<sup>-2<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"td_uid_11_6a0c2c33653e9\" class=\"tdc-row\"><div class=\"vc_row vc_custom_1630490783983 td_uid_19_6a0c2c33653ec_rand  wpb_row td-pb-row\" >\n<style scoped>\n\n\/* tdc_composer_block - inline css att *\/\n.vc_custom_1630490783983{margin-bottom: 50px !important;}\n\/* custom css *\/\n.td_uid_19_6a0c2c33653ec_rand {\r\n                    min-height: 0;\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"vc_column td_uid_20_6a0c2c33654e7_rand  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span4\">\n<style scoped>\n\n\/* custom css *\/\n.td_uid_20_6a0c2c33654e7_rand {\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><a href=\"\/en\/confronto-co2\" target=\"\" title=\"\"  data-id=\"mpc_button-266a0c2c33655a8\" class=\"mpc-button mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-display--block \" ><div class=\"mpc-button__content mpc-effect-type--none mpc-effect-side--none\"><span class=\"mpc-button__title mpc-transition\">Show CO<sub>2<\/sub><\/span><\/div><div class=\"mpc-button__background mpc-transition mpc-effect-type--fade mpc-effect-side--in\"><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column td_uid_21_6a0c2c33655f1_rand  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span4\">\n<style scoped>\n\n\/* custom css *\/\n.td_uid_21_6a0c2c33655f1_rand {\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><a href=\"\/en\/ravenna-n2o\" target=\"\" title=\"\"  data-id=\"mpc_button-826a0c2c336564f\" class=\"mpc-button mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-display--block \" ><div class=\"mpc-button__content mpc-effect-type--none mpc-effect-side--none\"><span class=\"mpc-button__title mpc-transition\">Show Ravenna data<\/span><\/div><div class=\"mpc-button__background mpc-transition mpc-effect-type--fade mpc-effect-side--in\"><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_column td_uid_22_6a0c2c336566c_rand  wpb_column vc_column_container tdc-column td-pb-span4\">\n<style scoped>\n\n\/* custom css *\/\n.td_uid_22_6a0c2c336566c_rand {\r\n                    vertical-align: baseline;\r\n                }\n<\/style><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><a href=\"\/en\/foggia-n2o\" target=\"\" title=\"\"  data-id=\"mpc_button-376a0c2c33656f2\" class=\"mpc-button mpc-init mpc-transition mpc-display--block \" ><div class=\"mpc-button__content mpc-effect-type--none mpc-effect-side--none\"><span class=\"mpc-button__title mpc-transition\">Show Foggia data<\/span><\/div><div class=\"mpc-button__background mpc-transition mpc-effect-type--fade mpc-effect-side--in\"><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Values for GHG emissions in the two croppig systems are updated after the harvest of each crop, or at the end of the bare soil. Periods considered in the measurements are reported under the graphs. Data are under validation, so the shown results aren\u2019t definitive [vc_custom_heading text=\"Ravenna CCS - Conventional Cropping System `{`N2O`}`\" font_container=\"tag:h3|text_align:center\" use_theme_fonts=\"yes\"]Bare","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"coauthors":[40],"class_list":["post-40443984","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Confronto N2O - Life Agrestic<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Confronto delle emissioni di protossido di azoto da suolo misurate nei due siti dimostrativi\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.agrestic.eu\/en\/confronto-n2o\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Confronto N2O - 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